For x-rays and gamma-rays, the BIPM maintains primary standards of air kerma and absorbed dose that have excellent long-term stability and carefully evaluated uncertainties and so are used as international reference standards. By means of regular international comparisons a stable, reliable world-wide network of standards is maintained.
For those national laboratories that do not have their own primary standards, BIPM calibrations are available.
As increasingly higher energies are used in radiation dosimetry, the BIPM, in consultation with the Consultative Committee for Ionizing Radiation (CCRI), is developing high-energy standards and transfer systems for international comparisons.
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Summary
